
Indian patent law does not use the US “utility patent” or “plant patent” classification. Under the Patents Act, 1970, Indian inventors choose between six types of applications: ordinary, provisional, convention, PCT national phase, divisional, and patent of addition. Each serves a distinct strategic purpose. Filing the wrong type — or filing in the wrong sequence — can cost you your priority date or your protection entirely. This guide explains every type with its statutory basis and when to use it.

A provisional patent application under Section 9 of the Patents Act, 1970 secures your priority date immediately — at a fraction of the cost of a complete application. This guide covers the exact filing procedure, current fees, the critical 12-month deadline, and the five mistakes that cause Indian inventors to lose their priority rights.

Every Indian brand that manufactures in China or sells online faces a version of the same threat — a Chinese seller copies your product, registers your brand name as a Chinese trademark before you do, and undercuts your price on every platform simultaneously. This guide covers four Indian legal tools that address this threat — without needing to walk into a Chinese courtroom.

India crossed 89,000 patent applications in FY2024 — a record. But most inventors lose IP value between filing and maintenance by missing critical deadlines. This guide covers every stage of the Indian patent lifecycle: patentability, filing, examination, grant, opposition, annual renewal, and the Form 27 working statement obligation.

The Indian Patents Act, 1970 gives third parties two distinct windows to challenge a patent before grant and after grant. This guide explains both tracks under Section 25, the statutory grounds for opposition, the step-by-step procedure, current fees, and the strategic decisions that determine whether a challenge succeeds.